Optimalisasi Kebijakan Fiskal Indonesia Dalam Prespektif Ekonomi Islam

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji optimalisasi kebijakan fiskal Indonesia melalui peran pemerintah dalam mengakomodir sistem ekonomi Islam di Indonesia sebagai upaya mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Indonesia, dengan populasi Muslim terbesar di dunia, memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan ekonomi Islam, namun masih dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan seperti kemiskinan, ketimpangan ekonomi, dan terbatasnya akses terhadap layanan keuangan yang adil. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan, menganalisis berbagai literatur dan dokumen kebijakan terkait ekonomi Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah Indonesia telah mengambil langkah strategis melalui pengesahan Undang-Undang Perbankan Syariah, pengembangan lembaga keuangan mikro syariah, dan optimalisasi pengelolaan dana zakat, infak, dan wakaf. Namun, implementasi ekonomi Islam masih menghadapi tantangan signifikan, seperti rendahnya literasi keuangan syariah, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia yang kompeten, dan masalah regulasi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sinergi dan kolaborasi antara pemerintah, lembaga keuangan syariah, akademisi, dan masyarakat menjadi kunci keberhasilan pengembangan ekonomi Islam. Perspektif maqashid syariah juga menjadi landasan penting dalam merumuskan kebijakan ekonomi yang bertujuan mewujudkan kesejahteraan komprehensif dan berkeadilan bagi seluruh masyarakat Indonesia.

This research examines the optimization of Indonesia's fiscal policy through the government's role in accommodating the Islamic economic system in Indonesia as an effort to realize community welfare based on sharia principles. Indonesia, with the world's largest Muslim population, has great potential in Islamic economic development, but is still faced with challenges such as poverty, economic inequality, and limited access to fair financial services. This study uses a qualitative approach to library study methods, analyzing various literature and policy documents related to Islamic economics. The research results show that the Indonesian government has taken strategic steps through the ratification of the Sharia Banking Act, the development of sharia microfinance institutions, and the optimization of the management of zakat, infaq, and waqf funds. However, the implementation of the Islamic economy still faces significant challenges, such as low Islamic financial literacy, limited competent human resources, and regulatory issues. This study concluded that synergy and collaboration between governments, sharia financial institutions, academics, and the public were the key to successful Islamic economic development. The perspective of sharia maqashid is also an important foundation in formulating economic policies aimed at realizing comprehensive and fair welfare for all Indonesian people